REGFlight review interval?
Every 24 calendar months — 1 hr ground + 1 hr flight + endorsement (61.56).
REGDay passenger recency?
3 takeoffs & 3 landings in the same category/class within 90 days (61.57(a)).
REGNight passenger recency?
3 takeoffs & landings to a full stop at night within 90 days (61.57(b)).
MEDBasicMed renewal timing?
Physician exam every 48 months; online medical course every 24 months.
MEDCurrent vs. proficient?
Current = met the legal recency boxes; proficient = actually competent. Aim above the minimum.
DOCSWhat documents must be aboard? (ARROW)
Airworthiness cert, Registration, Radio license (intl), Operating limitations/POH, Weight & balance.
DOCSInspection mnemonic for required inspections?
AV1ATE — Annual, VOR(IFR), 100-hr, Altimeter/static, Transponder, ELT. Confirm which apply.
WXWhat raises density altitude (hurts performance)?
High elevation, high temperature, high humidity, low pressure — “high, hot, humid.”
WXTwo core aviation weather text products?
METAR (current observation) and TAF (terminal forecast).
XCTwo things to always check before a cross-country?
NOTAMs and TFRs (plus fuel, alternates, and weather).
NASWhich airspace classes require an operable transponder/equipment most strictly?
Classes A, B, C (and Mode C veil). Confirm helicopter-specific exceptions.
PERFHIGE vs. HOGE?
Hover In Ground Effect (easier, more lift) vs. Hover Out of Ground Effect (more power required).
PERFWhere do you get takeoff/hover performance numbers?
The R44 POH performance charts — never a generic figure.
SYSWhat enables autorotation mechanically?
The sprag (one-way) clutch lets the rotor freewheel if the engine stops.
SYSPurpose of the pre-takeoff hydraulic check?
Confirm the hydraulic system works and feel the control forces of a failure.
SYSWhen do you sump the fuel?
Before the first flight of the day and after every refuel — water, sediment, correct grade/color.
HFWhat does IMSAFE stand for?
Illness, Medication, Stress, Alcohol, Fatigue, Emotion/Eating.
HFRapid breathing under stress → tingling, lightheaded. Cause & fix?
Hyperventilation — slow the breathing rate; it reverses quickly.
HFSpatial disorientation — what do you trust?
The flight instruments, not your inner-ear sensations.
HFPAVE risk buckets?
Pilot, Aircraft, enVironment, External pressures.
HFFive hazardous attitudes?
Anti-authority, Impulsivity, Invulnerability, Macho, Resignation.